---
title: Again and again the Gnat stung the Lion, who now was roaring terribly. — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: Again and again the Gnat stung the Lion, who now was roaring terribly. Who acts: Gnat, Lion. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion and the Gnat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Lion and the Gnat, sentence 6

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Again and again the Gnat stung the Lion, who now was roaring terribly.

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**Who acts:** Gnat, Lion · **What happens:** sting, roar · **To what, where:** Lion

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion and the Gnat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gnat, Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:39:6
# text = Again and again the Gnat stung the Lion, who now was roaring terribly.
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	again	again	ADV	RB	_	1	conj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Gnat	Gnat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stung	sting	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
11	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
14	terribly	terribly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | past | the Gnat | the Lion |  |  | again |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus lion=Experiencer |
| 2 | **roar** | past · progressive | the Lion |  |  |  | now | terribly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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