---
title: Such deceit was unpardonable, and Birds and Beasts made common cause… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: Such deceit was unpardonable, and Birds and Beasts made common cause to drive out the Bats. Who acts: Such deceit, Birds. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat, sentence 14

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Such deceit was unpardonable, and Birds and Beasts made common cause to drive out the Bats.

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**Who acts:** Such deceit, Birds · **What happens:** be, make, drive out · **To what, where:** common cause, Bats

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Such deceit, Birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:45:14
# text = Such deceit was unpardonable, and Birds and Beasts made common cause to drive out the Bats.
1	Such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	deceit	deceit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	unpardonable	unpardonable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	Beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Such deceit |  |  |  |  | unpardonable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | Birds and Beasts | common cause |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Product |
| 3 | **drive out** | to-infinitive | Birds and Beasts *not said here* | the Bats |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme bat=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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