---
title: But the "porter" was a huge Dog whom the Wolf knew by painful experi… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: But the "porter" was a huge Dog whom the Wolf knew by painful experience to be very unkind toward wolves. Who acts: porter, Wolf. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Wolf and the Lean Dog, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Wolf and the Lean Dog, sentence 17

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But the "porter" was a huge Dog whom the Wolf knew by painful experience to be very unkind toward wolves.

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**Who acts:** porter, Wolf · **What happens:** be, know · **To what, where:** huge Dog

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Wolf and the Lean Dog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (porter, Wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:56:17
# text = But the "porter" was a huge Dog whom the Wolf knew by painful experience to be very unkind toward wolves.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	porter	porter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	painful	painful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	experience	experience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	advcl	_	_
21	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the porter | a huge Dog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | past | the Wolf | a huge Dog |  |  |  | by painful experience | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive | the Wolf *not said here* |  |  |  |  | toward wolves; unkind *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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