---
title: An old Frog living in the marsh, trembled as he watched the fierce b… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: An old Frog living in the marsh, trembled as he watched the fierce battle. Who acts: old Frog, Frog. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Fighting Bulls and the Frog, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Fighting Bulls and the Frog, sentence 2

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An old Frog living in the marsh, trembled as he watched the fierce battle.

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**Who acts:** old Frog, Frog · **What happens:** live, tremble, watch · **To what, where:** marsh, old Frog, fierce battle

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Fighting Bulls and the Frog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old Frog, Frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:83:2
# text = An old Frog living in the marsh, trembled as he watched the fierce battle.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	trembled	tremble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | gerund | a old Frog *not said here* |  |  | the marsh |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in marsh=Location |
| 2 | **tremble** | participle · passive |  | a old Frog |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **watch** | past | Frog | the fierce battle |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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