--- title: Just then a Swallow flew by, twittering merrily, and the young man,… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics description: Just then a Swallow flew by, twittering merrily, and the young man, thinking summer had come, hastened off to a clothes dealer, to whom he sold all the clothes he wore down to his very tunic. Who acts: Swallow, summer. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Spendthrift and the Swallow, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/88/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Aesop for Children](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/) / [The Spendthrift and the Swallow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/88/) / 4 # The Aesop for Children, The Spendthrift and the Swallow, sentence 4 Just then a Swallow flew by, twittering merrily, and the young man, thinking summer had come, hastened off to a clothes dealer, to whom he sold all the clothes he wore down to his very tunic. **Who acts:** Swallow, summer · **What happens:** fly by, twitter, think, come, hasten off, sell · **To what, where:** young man, clothes dealer, clothes · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Spendthrift and the Swallow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swallow, summer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg19994:88:4 # text = Just then a Swallow flew by, twittering merrily, and the young man, thinking summer had come, hastened off to a clothes dealer, to whom he sold all the clothes he wore down to his very tunic. 1 Just just ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Swallow swallow NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 flew fly VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 twittering twitter VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 9 merrily merrily ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 thinking think VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 conj _ _ 17 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 18 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 16 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 hastened hasten VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 conj _ _ 22 off off ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 clothes clothes NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 26 compound _ _ 26 dealer dealer NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 31 obl _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 sold sell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 32 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 34 det:predet _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 clothes clothes NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 31 obj _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 wore wear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 parataxis _ _ 37 down down ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 40 very very ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 tunic tunic NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly by** | past | a Swallow | | | | then | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **twitter** | gerund | a Swallow *not said here* | the young man | | | | merrily *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | a Swallow *not said here* | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **come** | past · perfect | summer | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **hasten off** | participle | summer *not said here* | | | a clothes dealer | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to dealer=Destination | | 6 | **sell** | past | Swallow | all clothes | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent clothes=Theme to whom=Recipient | | 7 | **wear down** | past | Swallow | | | | | to Swallow's tunic; down *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/88/3/) - next →: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/88/5/) - ↑ back to [The Spendthrift and the Swallow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg19994/88/)