---
title: [16] These various references to Babrias induced Dr. Richard Bentley… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: [16] These various references to Babrias induced Dr. Richard Bentley, at the close of the seventeenth century, to examine more minutely the existing versions of Æsop’s Fables, and he maintained that many of them could, with a slight change of words, be resolved into the Scazonic[17] iambics, in whic
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Literally Translated From the Greek, sentence 106

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\[16\] These various references to Babrias induced Dr. Richard Bentley, at the close of the seventeenth century, to examine more minutely the existing versions of Æsop’s Fables, and he maintained that many of them could, with a slight change of words, be resolved into the Scazonic\[17\] iambics, in which Babrias is known to have written: and, with a greater freedom than the evidence then justified, he put forth, in behalf of Babrias, a claim to the exclusive authorship of these fables.

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**Who acts:** various references, reference, Babrias, words · **What happens:** induce, examine, exist, maintain, resolve, know · **To what, where:** 16, existing versions, Scazonic, Babrias, behalf

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (various references, reference, Babrias, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:1:106
# text = [16] These various references to Babrias induced Dr. Richard Bentley, at the close of the seventeenth century, to examine more minutely the existing versions of Æsop’s Fables, and he maintained that many of them could, with a slight change of words, be resolved into the Scazonic[17] iambics, in which Babrias is known to have written: and, with a greater freedom than the evidence then justified, he put forth, in behalf of Babrias, a claim to the exclusive authorship of these fables.
1	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	16	16	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	references	reference	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Babrias	Babrias	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	induced	induce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Dr.	Dr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod:desc	_	_
11	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	Bentley	Bentley	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	close	close	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	seventeenth	seventeenth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	examine	examine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
24	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	25	advmod	_	_
25	minutely	minutely	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	existing	exist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	amod	_	_
28	versions	version	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	Æsop	Æsop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	’s	's	PART	POS	_	30	case	_	_
32	Fables	fable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
37	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
38	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	nsubj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nmod	_	_
41	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
43	with	with	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
45	slight	slight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	aux:pass	_	_
51	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
52	into	into	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	Scazonic	Scazonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	58	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	17	17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	58	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	56	punct	_	_
58	iambics	iambic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
60	in	in	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	64	obl	_	_
62	Babrias	Babrias	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	64	nsubj:pass	_	_
63	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	64	aux:pass	_	_
64	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	51	conj	_	_
65	to	to	PART	TO	_	67	mark	_	_
66	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	67	aux	_	_
67	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	64	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	74	punct	_	_
69	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	74	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	74	punct	_	_
71	with	with	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
72	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	74	det	_	_
73	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	74	amod	_	_
74	freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	_
75	than	than	ADP	IN	_	77	case	_	_
76	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	77	det	_	_
77	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	74	nmod	_	_
78	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	79	advmod	_	_
79	justified	justified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	77	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
80	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	82	punct	_	_
81	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	82	nsubj	_	_
82	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	74	conj	_	_
83	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	82	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
84	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	86	punct	_	_
85	in	in	ADP	IN	_	86	case	_	_
86	behalf	behalf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	82	obl	_	_
87	of	of	ADP	IN	_	88	case	_	_
88	Babrias	Babrias	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	86	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
89	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	91	punct	_	_
90	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	91	det	_	_
91	claim	claim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	88	appos	_	_
92	to	to	ADP	IN	_	95	case	_	_
93	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	95	det	_	_
94	exclusive	exclusive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	95	amod	_	_
95	authorship	authorship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	91	nmod	_	_
96	of	of	ADP	IN	_	98	case	_	_
97	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	98	det	_	_
98	fables	fable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	95	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
99	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **induce** | past | this various references to Babrias | 16 |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent richard=Patient |
| 2 | **examine** | to-infinitive | this various references to Babrias *not said here* | the existing versions of Æsop's Fables |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **exist** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **maintain** | past | reference |  |  |  |  | with a slight change of words | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **resolve** | infinitive · passive |  |  |  | the Scazonic and 17 iambics |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **know** | present · passive |  | Babrias |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **write** | to-infinitive · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **put** | past | Babrias |  |  | behalf of Babrias |  | forth *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in behalf=Destination |
| 9 | **change** |  | words |  |  |  |  |  | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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