---
title: The necessity of a new and improved translation the Editor then reco… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The necessity of a new and improved translation the Editor then recognized, and would have willingly undertaken. Who acts: necessity. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Literally Translated From the Greek, sentence 140

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The necessity of a new and improved translation the Editor then recognized, and would have willingly undertaken.

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**Who acts:** necessity · **What happens:** improve, recognize, undertake

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (necessity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:1:140
# text = The necessity of a new and improved translation the Editor then recognized, and would have willingly undertaken.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	necessity	necessity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	improved	improve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	translation	translation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Editor	Editor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
12	recognized	recognize	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	aux	_	_
17	willingly	willingly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	undertaken	undertake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | participle | the necessity of a new translation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **recognize** | past | the necessity of a new translation |  |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **undertake** | would · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | willingly *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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