---
title: The calamities gradually thickening round the Eastern Empire, and th… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The calamities gradually thickening round the Eastern Empire, and the fall of Constantinople, 1453 A.D. combined with other events to promote the rapid restoration of learning in Italy; and with that recovery of learning the revival of an interest in the Fables of Æsop is closely identified. Who act
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Literally Translated From the Greek, sentence 71

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The calamities gradually thickening round the Eastern Empire, and the fall of Constantinople, 1453 A.D. combined with other events to promote the rapid restoration of learning in Italy; and with that recovery of learning the revival of an interest in the Fables of Æsop is closely identified.

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**Who acts:** calamities, recovery · **What happens:** thicken, combine, promote, learn, identify, revive · **To what, where:** fall, rapid restoration, revival, calamities, interest

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Literally Translated From the Greek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (calamities, recovery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:1:71
# text = The calamities gradually thickening round the Eastern Empire, and the fall of Constantinople, 1453 A.D. combined with other events to promote the rapid restoration of learning in Italy; and with that recovery of learning the revival of an interest in the Fables of Æsop is closely identified.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	calamities	calamity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	gradually	gradually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	thickening	thicken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	round	round	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Eastern	Eastern	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	8	compound	_	_
8	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	1453	1453	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	appos	_	_
17	A.D	A.D	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
19	combined	combine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	promote	promote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	51	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	36	det	_	_
36	recovery	recovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	_
37	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
38	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	36	acl	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	revival	revival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	Fables	Fable	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	43	nmod	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	Æsop	Æsop	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
49	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux:pass	_	_
50	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
51	identified	identify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	51	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thicken** | gerund | the calamities *not said here* |  |  |  |  | round the Eastern Empire; gradually *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **combine** | participle · passive | the calamities *not said here* | the fall of Constantinople |  |  |  | with other events | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with event=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **promote** | to-infinitive | the calamities *not said here* | the rapid restoration of learning in Italy |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent restoration=Theme |
| 4 | **learn** | gerund | that recovery *not said here* | the revival of a interest in the Fables of Æsop |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revival=Topic |
| 5 | **identify** | present · passive |  | the calamities |  |  |  | with that recovery; closely *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |
| 6 | **revive** |  |  | a interest in the Fables of Æsop |  |  |  |  | nom revival «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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