---
title: Having at last by guileful speeches succeeded in separating them, he… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: Having at last by guileful speeches succeeded in separating them, he attacked them without fear as they fed alone, and feasted on them one by one at his own leisure. Who acts: Having, Lion, unawares. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, with its dependency 
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 130

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Having at last by guileful speeches succeeded in separating them, he attacked them without fear as they fed alone, and feasted on them one by one at his own leisure.

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**Who acts:** Having, Lion, unawares · **What happens:** have, succeed, separate, attack, feed, feast · **To what, where:** last, unawares, one

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Having, Lion, unawares), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:12:130
# text = Having at last by guileful speeches succeeded in separating them, he attacked them without fear as they fed alone, and feasted on them one by one at his own leisure.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	obl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	guileful	guileful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speeches	speech	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
7	succeeded	succeed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	separating	separate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	attacked	attack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	without	without	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	fed	feed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
20	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	feasted	feast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	_
26	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	obj	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nmod	_	_
29	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
31	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	leisure	leisure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  | last |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **succeed** | past | Having |  |  |  |  | by guileful speeches | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **separate** | gerund | Having *not said here* | unawares *= unaware* |  |  |  |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 4 | **attack** | past | Lion | unawares *= unaware* |  |  |  | without fear | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 5 | **feed** | past | unawares *= unaware* |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **feast** | participle | Having *not said here* | one |  |  |  | on unawares *= unaware*; by one at Lion's own leisure | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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