---
title: The Shepherd at first stood on his guard against him, as against an… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The Shepherd at first stood on his guard against him, as against an enemy, and kept a strict watch over his movements. Who acts: Shepherd. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 45

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The Shepherd at first stood on his guard against him, as against an enemy, and kept a strict watch over his movements.

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**Who acts:** Shepherd · **What happens:** stand, keep, move · **To what, where:** guard, strict watch, movements

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:12:45
# text = The Shepherd at first stood on his guard against him, as against an enemy, and kept a strict watch over his movements.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	obl	_	_
5	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	strict	strict	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the Shepherd |  |  | Shepherd's guard |  | against crow; as a enemy | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at first=Location |
| 2 | **keep** | past | the Shepherd *not said here* | a strict watch |  | Shepherd's movements |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent watch=Theme over movement=Location |
| 3 | **move** |  | Shepherd |  |  |  |  |  | nom movement «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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