--- title: The Nightingale, about to lose his life, earnestly begged the Hawk t… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics description: The Nightingale, about to lose his life, earnestly begged the Hawk to let him go, saying that he was not big enough to satisfy the hunger of a Hawk who, if he wanted food, ought to pursue the larger birds. Who acts: Nightingale, hunger, Hawk. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Ae --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/59/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Three hundred Aesop’s fables](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/) / [Aesop’s Fables, part 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/) / 59 # Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 59 The Nightingale, about to lose his life, earnestly begged the Hawk to let him go, saying that he was not big enough to satisfy the hunger of a Hawk who, if he wanted food, ought to pursue the larger birds. **Who acts:** Nightingale, hunger, Hawk · **What happens:** lose, beg, let, go, say, not be · **To what, where:** life, Hawk, nightingale, hunger, food, larger birds · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nightingale, hunger, Hawk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg21:12:59 # text = The Nightingale, about to lose his life, earnestly begged the Hawk to let him go, saying that he was not big enough to satisfy the hunger of a Hawk who, if he wanted food, ought to pursue the larger birds. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Nightingale Nightingale PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 about about ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 lose lose VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 earnestly earnestly ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 begged beg VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 Hawk Hawk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 ccomp _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 20 that that SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 22 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 24 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 ccomp _ _ 25 enough enough ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 satisfy satisfy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 hunger hunger NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 Hawk Hawk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 if if SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 36 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 37 wanted want VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 38 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 ought ought AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 41 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 42 pursue pursue VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 larger large ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 45 amod _ _ 45 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | to-infinitive | the Nightingale | nightingale's life | | | | about *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Eventuality | | 2 | **beg** *speech: request* | past | the Nightingale *not said here* | | the Hawk | | | earnestly *property* | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent hawk=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **let** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | nightingale | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | infinitive | nightingale *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the Nightingale *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **not** **is** | past | nightingale | | | | | big, enough *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **satisfy** | to-infinitive | nightingale *not said here* | the hunger of a Hawk | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus hunger=Experiencer | | 8 | **want** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | the hunger of a Hawk | food | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme | | 9 | **pursue** | ought | the Nightingale *not said here* | the larger birds | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme | | 10 | **hunger** | | a Hawk | | | | | | nom hunger «state intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/58/) - next →: [sentence 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/60/) - ↑ back to [Aesop’s Fables, part 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/12/)