---
title: TWO MEN, one who always spoke the truth and the other who told nothi… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: TWO MEN, one who always spoke the truth and the other who told nothing but lies, were traveling together and by chance came to the land of Apes. Who acts: TWO MEN, other. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 7

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TWO MEN, one who always spoke the truth and the other who told nothing but lies, were traveling together and by chance came to the land of Apes.

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**Who acts:** TWO MEN, other · **What happens:** speak, tell, lie, travel, come · **To what, where:** truth, nothing, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (TWO MEN, other), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:12:7
# text = TWO MEN, one who always spoke the truth and the other who told nothing but lies, were traveling together and by chance came to the land of Apes.
1	TWO	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	MEN	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nsubj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	14	obj	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	traveling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	ccomp	_	_
21	together	together	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
25	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Apes	ape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | TWO MEN | the truth |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the other | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **lie** | present | the other *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **travel** | past · progressive |  |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **come** | past |  |  |  | the land of Apes |  | by chance | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to land=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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