---
title: The Goat, envying the Ass on account of his greater abundance of foo… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The Goat, envying the Ass on account of his greater abundance of food, said, “How shamefully you are treated: at one time grinding in the mill, and at another carrying heavy burdens;” and he further advised him to pretend to be epileptic and fall into a ditch and so obtain rest. Who acts: Goat, one 
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 10, sentence 90

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The Goat, envying the Ass on account of his greater abundance of food, said, “How shamefully you are treated: at one time grinding in the mill, and at another carrying heavy burdens;” and he further advised him to pretend to be epileptic and fall into a ditch and so obtain rest.

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**Who acts:** Goat, one time, feeding, hunger · **What happens:** envy, say, treat, grind, carry, advise · **To what, where:** Ass, account, carrying heavy burdens, you, mill, hunger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Goat, one time, feeding, hunger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:12:90
# text = The Goat, envying the Ass on account of his greater abundance of food, said, “How shamefully you are treated: at one time grinding in the mill, and at another carrying heavy burdens;” and he further advised him to pretend to be epileptic and fall into a ditch and so obtain rest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Goat	Goat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	envying	envy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	abundance	abundance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
20	shamefully	shamefully	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	treated	treat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
28	grinding	grind	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	27	acl	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
34	at	at	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
35	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	38	det	_	_
36	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	38	amod	_	_
37	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	burdens	burden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
43	further	further	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
44	advised	advise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
45	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
47	pretend	pretend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	xcomp	_	_
48	to	to	PART	TO	_	50	mark	_	_
49	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	50	cop	_	_
50	epileptic	epileptic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	xcomp	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	conj	_	_
53	into	into	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	ditch	ditch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
57	so	so	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
58	obtain	obtain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	conj	_	_
59	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **envy** | gerund | the Goat *not said here* | the Ass |  | account of feeding's greater abundance of food |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ass=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Goat |  |  | another carrying heavy burdens | time |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **treat** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | you |  |  |  | shamefully *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **grind** *in a quote* | gerund | one time *not said here* |  |  | the mill |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **carry** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **advise** *speech: other* | past | feeding | hunger |  |  |  | further *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 7 | **pretend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | hunger *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **is** | to-infinitive | hunger *not said here* |  |  |  |  | epileptic *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **fall** | infinitive | hunger *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into a ditch *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into ditch=Result |
| 10 | **obtain** | infinitive | feeding *not said here* | rest |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rest=Theme |
| 11 | **account** |  |  | feeding's greater abundance of food |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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