--- title: Next the Countryman commenced, and pretending that he concealed a li… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics description: Next the Countryman commenced, and pretending that he concealed a little pig beneath his clothes (which in truth he did, but not suspected by the audience ) contrived to take hold of and to pull his ear causing the pig to squeak. Who acts: Countryman. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/16/90/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Three hundred Aesop’s fables](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/) / [Aesop’s Fables, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/16/) / 90 # Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 14, sentence 90 Next the Countryman commenced, and pretending that he concealed a little pig beneath his clothes (which in truth he did, but not suspected by the audience ) contrived to take hold of and to pull his ear causing the pig to squeak. **Who acts:** Countryman · **What happens:** commence, pretend, conceal, do, not suspect, contrive · **To what, where:** little pig, clothes, truth, hold, ear, pig This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Countryman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg21:16:90 # text = Next the Countryman commenced, and pretending that he concealed a little pig beneath his clothes (which in truth he did, but not suspected by the audience ) contrived to take hold of and to pull his ear causing the pig to squeak. 1 Next next ADP IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Countryman Countryman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 commenced commence VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 pretending pretend VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 8 that that SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 concealed conceal VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 ccomp _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 pig pig NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 beneath beneath ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 clothes clothes NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 10 obl _ _ 17 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 obj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 but but CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 26 advmod _ _ 26 suspected suspect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 parataxis _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 audience audience NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 30 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 26 punct _ _ 31 contrived contrive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 xcomp _ _ 34 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 34 fixed _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 38 mark _ _ 38 pull pull VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 causing cause VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 38 advcl _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 pig pig NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 44 to to PART TO _ 45 mark _ _ 45 squeak squeak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 31 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **commence** | past | the Countryman | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **pretend** | gerund | the Countryman *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **conceal** | past | Countryman | a little pig | | Countryman's clothes | | | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pig=Patient beneath clothes=Location | | 4 | **do** | past | Countryman | Countryman's clothes | | truth | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality | | 5 | **not** **suspect** | participle | | | | | | by the audience | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **contrive** | past | | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **take** | to-infinitive | | hold | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | | 8 | **pull** | to-infinitive | | Countryman's ear | | | | | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Theme | | 9 | **cause** | gerund | | the pig | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition pig=Patient | | 10 | **squeak** | to-infinitive | | the pig *not said here* | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 89](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/16/89/) - next →: [sentence 91](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/16/91/) - ↑ back to [Aesop’s Fables, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/16/)