---
title: The substantial truth of his statements has been confirmed by later… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The substantial truth of his statements has been confirmed by later criticism and inquiry. Who acts: later criticism, truth. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Life of Aesop, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Life of Aesop, sentence 25

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The substantial truth of his statements has been confirmed by later criticism and inquiry.

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**Who acts:** later criticism, truth · **What happens:** confirm, state · **To what, where:** substantial truth

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Life of Aesop. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (later criticism, truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:2:25
# text = The substantial truth of his statements has been confirmed by later criticism and inquiry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	confirmed	confirm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	criticism	criticism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	inquiry	inquiry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confirm** | present · perfect · passive | later criticism and inquiry | the substantial truth of truth's statements |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Topic |
| 2 | **state** |  | truth |  |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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