---
title: Concealing his sad plight under a merry guise, the Fox indulged in a… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: Concealing his sad plight under a merry guise, the Fox indulged in a lavish praise of the water, saying it was excellent beyond measure, and encouraging him to descend. Who acts: Fox, water. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 2, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 2, sentence 32

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Concealing his sad plight under a merry guise, the Fox indulged in a lavish praise of the water, saying it was excellent beyond measure, and encouraging him to descend.

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**Who acts:** Fox, water · **What happens:** conceal, indulge, say, be, encourage, descend · **To what, where:** sad plight, merry guise, lavish praise, Fox, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fox, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:4:32
# text = Concealing his sad plight under a merry guise, the Fox indulged in a lavish praise of the water, saying it was excellent beyond measure, and encouraging him to descend.
1	Concealing	conceal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plight	plight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	merry	merry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	guise	guise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	indulged	indulge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	lavish	lavish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	praise	praise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	ccomp	_	_
25	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	encouraging	encourage	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	conj	_	_
30	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	descend	descend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** | gerund | the Fox *not said here* | Fox's sad plight |  | a merry guise |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent plight=Patient under guise=Location |
| 2 | **indulge** | past | the Fox |  |  | a lavish praise of the water |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the Fox *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | water |  |  |  |  | beyond measure; excellent *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **encourage** | gerund | the Fox *not said here* | Fox |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 6 | **descend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Fox *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **plight** |  | Fox |  |  |  |  |  | nom plight «state transitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **praise** |  |  | the water |  |  |  |  | nom praise «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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