---
title: A LION, unable from old age and infirmities to provide himself with… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: A LION, unable from old age and infirmities to provide himself with food by force, resolved to do so by artifice. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 2, sentence 65

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A LION, unable from old age and infirmities to provide himself with food by force, resolved to do so by artifice.

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**What happens:** provide, resolve, do · **To what, where:** Lion

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:4:65
# text = A LION, unable from old age and infirmities to provide himself with food by force, resolved to do so by artifice.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LION	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	infirmities	infirmity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	provide	provide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
12	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	artifice	artifice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | to-infinitive |  | Lion |  |  |  | with food; by force | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Recipient with food=Theme |
| 2 | **resolve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | by artifice | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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