---
title: He often lamented his own hard fate and contrasted it with the luxur… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: He often lamented his own hard fate and contrasted it with the luxury and idleness of the Lapdog, till at last one day he broke his cords and halter, and galloped into his master’s house, kicking up his heels without measure, and frisking and fawning as well as he could. Who acts: contrary. A senten
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 3, sentence 31

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He often lamented his own hard fate and contrasted it with the luxury and idleness of the Lapdog, till at last one day he broke his cords and halter, and galloped into his master’s house, kicking up his heels without measure, and frisking and fawning as well as he could.

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**Who acts:** contrary · **What happens:** lament, contrast, break, gallop, kick up, frisk · **To what, where:** own hard fate, fate, cords, house, heels

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (contrary), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:5:31
# text = He often lamented his own hard fate and contrasted it with the luxury and idleness of the Lapdog, till at last one day he broke his cords and halter, and galloped into his master’s house, kicking up his heels without measure, and frisking and fawning as well as he could.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	often	often	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	lamented	lament	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	contrasted	contrast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	idleness	idleness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Lapdog	lapdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	cords	cord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	halter	halter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	galloped	gallop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	into	into	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	’s	's	PART	POS	_	36	case	_	_
38	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	kicking	kick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	advcl	_	_
41	up	up	ADP	RP	_	40	compound:prt	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	heels	heel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
44	without	without	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	frisking	frisk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	fawning	fawn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	48	conj	_	_
51	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	55	cc	_	_
52	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	51	fixed	_	_
53	as	as	ADP	IN	_	51	fixed	_	_
54	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	nsubj	_	_
55	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lament** | past | contrary | contrary's own hard fate |  |  |  | often *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fate=Stimulus |
| 2 | **contrast** | past | contrary *not said here* | fate |  |  |  | with the luxury and idleness of the Lapdog | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with luxury=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **break** | past | contrary | contrary's cords and halter |  |  | day |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cord=Patient |
| 4 | **gallop** | past | contrary *not said here* |  |  | contrary's master's house |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into house=Destination |
| 5 | **kick up** | gerund | contrary *not said here* | contrary's heels |  |  |  | without measure | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent heel=Patient |
| 6 | **frisk** | gerund | contrary *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **fawn** | could | contrary *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **fate** |  | contrary |  |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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