---
title: The Swallow, finding her nest empty, lamented greatly and exclaimed:… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The Swallow, finding her nest empty, lamented greatly and exclaimed: “Woe to me a stranger! that in this place where all others’ rights are protected, I alone should suffer wrong.” Who acts: Swallow, others. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 4, with its depe
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 4, sentence 70

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The Swallow, finding her nest empty, lamented greatly and exclaimed: “Woe to me a stranger! that in this place where all others’ rights are protected, I alone should suffer wrong.”

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**Who acts:** Swallow, others · **What happens:** find, lament, exclaim, protect, suffer · **To what, where:** nest, Woe, rights · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swallow, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:6:70
# text = The Swallow, finding her nest empty, lamented greatly and exclaimed: “Woe to me a stranger! that in this place where all others’ rights are protected, I alone should suffer wrong.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	finding	find	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	conj	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	lamented	lament	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
10	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	exclaimed	exclaim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Woe	woe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nmod	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	nsubj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	_
25	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	36	advmod	_	_
26	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	det	_	_
27	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	’	'	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	rights	right	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
34	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
35	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	acl:relcl	_	_
37	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | gerund | the Swallow *not said here* | Swallow's nest |  |  |  | empty *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Topic |
| 2 | **lament** | participle | the Swallow *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | past | the Swallow | Woe |  |  |  | to me; greatly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **protect** *in a quote* | present · passive | all others *not said here* | rights |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 5 | **suffer** *in a quote* | should | all others |  |  |  |  | alone, wrong *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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