---
title: This he said deceitfully; but the Crow, anxious to refute the reflec… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: This he said deceitfully; but the Crow, anxious to refute the reflection cast upon her voice, set up a loud caw and dropped the flesh. Who acts: This, Crow. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, sentence 25

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This he said deceitfully; but the Crow, anxious to refute the reflection cast upon her voice, set up a loud caw and dropped the flesh.

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**Who acts:** This, Crow · **What happens:** say, refute, set up, drop · **To what, where:** reflection cast, loud caw, flesh · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, Crow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:7:25
# text = This he said deceitfully; but the Crow, anxious to refute the reflection cast upon her voice, set up a loud caw and dropped the flesh.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	nsubj	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	deceitfully	deceitfully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	anxious	anxious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	refute	refute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	cast	cast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	caw	caw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | This |  |  |  |  | deceitfully *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **refute** | to-infinitive | This *not said here* | the reflection cast |  |  |  | upon Dog's voice | tree rules |
| 3 | **set up** | participle | the Crow *not said here* | a loud caw |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient caw=Result |
| 4 | **drop** | past | the Crow *not said here* | the flesh |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flesh=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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