---
title: An Ox gave him this kindly warning: “O unhappy creature! why should… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: An Ox gave him this kindly warning: “O unhappy creature! why should you thus, of your own accord, incur destruction and trust yourself in the house of your enemy?” Who acts: Ox. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 5, sentence 40

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An Ox gave him this kindly warning: “O unhappy creature! why should you thus, of your own accord, incur destruction and trust yourself in the house of your enemy?”

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**Who acts:** Ox · **What happens:** give, incur, trust · **To what, where:** warning, Stag, destruction, yourself, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:7:40
# text = An Ox gave him this kindly warning: “O unhappy creature! why should you thus, of your own accord, incur destruction and trust yourself in the house of your enemy?”
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
6	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
11	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
14	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
15	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	accord	accord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	incur	incur	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	22	parataxis	_	_
25	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	trust	trust	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
28	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	27	obj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | a Ox | this warning  unhappy creature | Stag |  |  | thus *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **incur** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | destruction |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **trust** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | yourself |  | the house of your enemy |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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