---
title: The expiring Lion said, “I have reluctantly brooked the insults of t… — Three hundred Aesop’s fables · tree and pragmatics
description: The expiring Lion said, “I have reluctantly brooked the insults of the brave, but to be compelled to endure such treatment from thee, a disgrace to Nature, is indeed to die a double death.” Who acts: Lion. A sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 6, with its depend
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg21/8/49/)

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# Three hundred Aesop’s fables, Aesop’s Fables, part 6, sentence 49

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The expiring Lion said, “I have reluctantly brooked the insults of the brave, but to be compelled to endure such treatment from thee, a disgrace to Nature, is indeed to die a double death.”

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**Who acts:** Lion · **What happens:** expire, say, brook, compel, endure, be · **To what, where:** insults, such treatment, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Aesop’s Fables, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg21:8:49
# text = The expiring Lion said, “I have reluctantly brooked the insults of the brave, but to be compelled to endure such treatment from thee, a disgrace to Nature, is indeed to die a double death.”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	expiring	expire	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	ccomp	_	_
3	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	reluctantly	reluctantly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	brooked	brook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	insults	insult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	compelled	compel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	endure	endure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	disgrace	disgrace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	parataxis	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Nature	Nature	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
34	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	36	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expire** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Lion |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **brook** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Lion | the insults of the brave |  |  |  | reluctantly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **compel** *in a quote* | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: clause=Result |
| 5 | **endure** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | such treatment |  | thee |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme treatment=Circumstance |
| 6 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | die, indeed *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Three hundred Aesop’s fables» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 21 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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