---
title: Everyone knows that the existence of the greater part of the stories… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: Everyone knows that the existence of the greater part of the stories current among the various European peoples is accounted for on two different hypotheses--the one supposing that most of them "were common in germ at least to the Aryan tribes before their migration," and that, therefore, "these tra
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 1, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone knows that the existence of the greater part of the stories current among the various European peoples is accounted for on two different hypotheses--the one supposing that most of them "were common in germ at least to the Aryan tribes before their migration," and that, therefore, "these traditions are as much a portion of the common inheritance of our ancestors as their language unquestionably is:"\[11\] the other regarding at least a great part of them as foreign importations, Oriental fancies which were originally introduced into Europe, through a series of translations, by the pilgrims and merchants who were always linking the East and the West together, or by the emissaries of some of the heretical sects, or in the train of such warlike transferrers as the Crusaders, or the Arabs who ruled in Spain, or the Tartars who so long held the Russia of old times in their grasp.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Everyone, one, most, that, pilgrims, Arabs · **What happens:** know, account, suppose, be, regard, introduce · **To what, where:** 11, existence, germ, Oriental fancies, Europe, East · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Everyone, one, most, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:11:12
# text = Everyone knows that the existence of the greater part of the stories current among the various European peoples is accounted for on two different hypotheses--the one supposing that most of them "were common in germ at least to the Aryan tribes before their migration," and that, therefore, "these traditions are as much a portion of the common inheritance of our ancestors as their language unquestionably is:"[11] the other regarding at least a great part of them as foreign importations, Oriental fancies which were originally introduced into Europe, through a series of translations, by the pilgrims and merchants who were always linking the East and the West together, or by the emissaries of some of the heretical sects, or in the train of such warlike transferrers as the Crusaders, or the Arabs who ruled in Spain, or the Tartars who so long held the Russia of old times in their grasp.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	compound	_	_
13	current	current	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	among	among	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	accounted	account	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
24	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	hypotheses	hypothesis	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	appos	_	_
29	supposing	suppose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	acl	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
31	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	36	nsubj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	_
34	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
36	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	advcl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	germ	germ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
39	at	at	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	36	obl	_	_
41	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
43	Aryan	Aryan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
45	before	before	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	migration	migration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
51	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	60	nsubj:outer	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
53	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	60	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
55	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	60	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	57	det	_	_
57	traditions	tradition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	60	nsubj	_	_
58	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	60	cop	_	_
59	as	as	ADV	RB	_	60	advmod	_	_
60	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	62	amod	_	_
61	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
63	of	of	ADP	IN	_	66	case	_	_
64	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	66	det	_	_
65	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	66	amod	_	_
66	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	nmod	_	_
67	of	of	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
68	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	69	nmod:poss	_	_
69	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	66	nmod	_	_
70	as	as	ADP	IN	_	72	case	_	_
71	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	72	nmod:poss	_	_
72	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	nmod	_	_
73	unquestionably	unquestionably	ADV	RB	_	72	advmod	_	_
74	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	73	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
77	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
78	11	11	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
79	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	78	punct	_	_
80	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	81	det	_	_
81	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	78	nmod:unmarked	_	_
82	regarding	regard	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	87	case	_	_
83	at	at	ADP	IN	_	84	case	_	_
84	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	87	nmod	_	_
85	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	87	det	_	_
86	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	87	amod	_	_
87	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	78	nmod	_	_
88	of	of	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
89	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	87	nmod	_	_
90	as	as	ADP	IN	_	92	case	_	_
91	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	92	amod	_	_
92	importations	importation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
93	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	95	punct	_	_
94	Oriental	oriental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	95	amod	_	_
95	fancies	fancy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	92	appos	_	_
96	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	99	nsubj:pass	_	_
97	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	99	aux:pass	_	_
98	originally	originally	ADV	RB	_	99	advmod	_	_
99	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	95	acl:relcl	_	_
100	into	into	ADP	IN	_	101	case	_	_
101	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	99	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
102	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	105	punct	_	_
103	through	through	ADP	IN	_	105	case	_	_
104	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	105	det	_	_
105	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	99	obl	_	_
106	of	of	ADP	IN	_	107	case	_	_
107	translations	translation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	105	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
108	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	111	punct	_	_
109	by	by	ADP	IN	_	111	case	_	_
110	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	111	det	_	_
111	pilgrims	pilgrim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	92	conj	_	_
112	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	113	cc	_	_
113	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	111	conj	_	_
114	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	117	nsubj	_	_
115	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	117	aux	_	_
116	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	117	advmod	_	_
117	linking	link	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	111	acl	_	_
118	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	119	det	_	_
119	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	117	obj	_	_
120	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	122	cc	_	_
121	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	122	det	_	_
122	West	West	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	119	conj	_	_
123	together	together	ADV	RB	_	117	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
124	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	128	punct	_	_
125	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	128	cc	_	_
126	by	by	ADP	IN	_	128	case	_	_
127	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	128	det	_	_
128	emissaries	emissary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	117	parataxis	_	_
129	of	of	ADP	IN	_	130	case	_	_
130	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	128	nmod	_	_
131	of	of	ADP	IN	_	134	case	_	_
132	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	134	det	_	_
133	heretical	heretical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	134	amod	_	_
134	sects	sect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	130	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
135	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	139	punct	_	_
136	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	139	cc	_	_
137	in	in	ADP	IN	_	139	case	_	_
138	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	139	det	_	_
139	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	128	conj	_	_
140	of	of	ADP	IN	_	143	case	_	_
141	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	143	amod	_	_
142	warlike	warlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	143	amod	_	_
143	transferrers	transferrer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	139	nmod	_	_
144	as	as	ADP	IN	_	146	case	_	_
145	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	146	det	_	_
146	Crusaders	Crusader	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	143	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
147	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	150	punct	_	_
148	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	150	cc	_	_
149	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	150	det	_	_
150	Arabs	Arab	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	146	conj	_	_
151	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	152	nsubj	_	_
152	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	150	acl:relcl	_	_
153	in	in	ADP	IN	_	154	case	_	_
154	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	152	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
155	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	158	punct	_	_
156	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	158	cc	_	_
157	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	158	det	_	_
158	Tartars	Tartar	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	146	conj	_	_
159	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	162	nsubj	_	_
160	so	so	ADV	RB	_	161	advmod	_	_
161	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	162	advmod	_	_
162	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	139	acl:relcl	_	_
163	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	164	det	_	_
164	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	162	obj	_	_
165	of	of	ADP	IN	_	167	case	_	_
166	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	167	amod	_	_
167	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	164	nmod	_	_
168	in	in	ADP	IN	_	170	case	_	_
169	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	170	nmod:poss	_	_
170	grasp	grasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	162	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
171	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | Everyone | 11  the other regard a great part at least of traditions |  |  |  | as foreign importations and the pilgrims and merchants | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **account** | present · passive |  | the existence of the greater part of the stories current among the various European peoples |  |  |  | for two different hypotheses | tree rules |
| 3 | **suppose** | gerund | the one *not said here* |  |  |  | before tribes's migration |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | past | most of hypotheses |  |  | germ |  | at least; common *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | much, therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | unquestionably *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **regard** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **introduce** | past · passive |  | Oriental fancies |  | Europe |  | through a series of translations; originally *property* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient through series=Instrument |
| 9 | **link** | past · progressive | the pilgrims and merchants | the East and the West |  |  |  | always, together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent east=Patient |
| 10 | **rule** | past | the Arabs |  |  | Spain |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **hold** | past | the train of such warlike transferrers as the Crusaders or the Arabs or the Tartars | the Russia of old times |  | traditions's grasp |  | long *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent russia=Theme in grasp=Location |
| 12 | **exist** |  | the greater part of the stories current among the various European peoples |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |
| 13 | **migrate** *in a quote* |  | tribes *= tribe* |  |  |  |  |  | nom migration «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 14 | **inherit** *in a quote* |  |  | our ancestors |  |  |  |  | nom inheritance «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 15 | **grasp** |  | traditions *= tradition* |  |  |  |  |  | nom grasp «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

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