---
title: Frightened out of his wits, he was going to throw the imp back again… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: Frightened out of his wits, he was going to throw the imp back again into the pit, but it shrieked aloud, and earnestly entreated him, saying: Who acts: pit, moujik. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 5, with its dependency 
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 5, sentence 60

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Frightened out of his wits, he was going to throw the imp back again into the pit, but it shrieked aloud, and earnestly entreated him, saying:

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**Who acts:** pit, moujik · **What happens:** frighten, go, throw back, shriek, entreat, say · **To what, where:** wits, imp, pit, moujik · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pit, moujik), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:15:60
# text = Frightened out of his wits, he was going to throw the imp back again into the pit, but it shrieked aloud, and earnestly entreated him, saying:
1	Frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	advcl	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wits	wit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	throw	throw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	imp	imp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	back	back	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
15	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	shrieked	shriek	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
23	aloud	aloud	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	earnestly	earnestly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	entreated	entreat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	27	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | participle | pit *not said here* |  |  | moujik's wits |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **go** | past · progressive | moujik |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **throw back** | to-infinitive | moujik *not said here* | the imp |  |  | again | into the pit *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer imp=Theme into pit=Result |
| 4 | **shriek** | past | pit |  |  |  |  | aloud *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **entreat** | past | pit *not said here* |  | moujik |  |  | earnestly *property* | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | pit *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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