---
title: For specimens of the Russian "Beast-Epos" the reader is referred (as… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: For specimens of the Russian "Beast-Epos" the reader is referred (as I have stated in the preface) to Professor de Gubernatis's "Zoological Mythology." Who acts: I. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 8, with its dependency t
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 8, sentence 161

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For specimens of the Russian "Beast-Epos" the reader is referred (as I have stated in the preface) to Professor de Gubernatis's "Zoological Mythology."

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** refer, state · **To what, where:** reader, Zoological Mythology, preface

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter I. INTRODUCTORY, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:18:161
# text = For specimens of the Russian "Beast-Epos" the reader is referred (as I have stated in the preface) to Professor de Gubernatis's "Zoological Mythology."
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	specimens	specimen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Beast	Beast	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Epos	Epos	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	reader	reader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	referred	refer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	stated	state	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	preface	preface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
25	Professor	Professor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod:desc	_	_
26	de	de	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
27	Gubernatis	Gubernatis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	's	's	PART	POS	_	27	case	_	_
29	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Zoological	Zoological	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	Mythology	mythology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | present · passive |  | the reader |  |  |  | for specimens of the Russian Beast Epos | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **state** *speech: other* | present · perfect | I |  | Gubernatis  Professor's Zoological Mythology | the preface |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to mythology=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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