---
title: Ivan, in a sparrow's form, overhears all this, and acts as in the pr… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ivan, in a sparrow's form, overhears all this, and acts as in the preceding story. Who acts: Ivan, sparrow. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 2, sentence 18

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Ivan, in a sparrow's form, overhears all this, and acts as in the preceding story.

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**Who acts:** Ivan, sparrow · **What happens:** overhear, act, precede, form · **To what, where:** this

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ivan, sparrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:20:18
# text = Ivan, in a sparrow's form, overhears all this, and acts as in the preceding story.
1	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	overhears	overhear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	acts	act	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	amod	_	_
19	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overhear** | present | Ivan | this |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **act** | present | Ivan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the preceding story | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as story=Attribute |
| 3 | **precede** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **form** |  | a sparrow |  |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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