--- title: His name is by some mythologists derived from _kost'_, a bone whence… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics description: His name is by some mythologists derived from _kost'_, a bone whence comes a verb signifying to become ossified, petrified, or frozen; either because he is bony of limb, or because he produces an effect akin to freezing or petrifaction. Who acts: name, verb, spirit. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tale --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/21/102/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collecti…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/) / [Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/21/) / 102 # Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 3, sentence 102 His name is by some mythologists derived from \_kost'\_, a bone whence comes a verb signifying to become ossified, petrified, or frozen; either because he is bony of limb, or because he produces an effect akin to freezing or petrifaction. **Who acts:** name, verb, spirit · **What happens:** be, derive, come, signify, become, ossify · **To what, where:** bone, kost, verb, effect akin This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, verb, spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg22373:21:102 # text = His name is by some mythologists derived from _kost'_, a bone whence comes a verb signifying to become ossified, petrified, or frozen; either because he is bony of limb, or because he produces an effect akin to freezing or petrifaction. 1 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 6 det _ _ 6 mythologists mythologist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 derived derive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 from from ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 _ _ PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 kost kost NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 _ _ PUNCT NFP _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 16 whence whence ADV WRB PronType=Int 17 advmod _ _ 17 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 signifying signify VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 acl _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 xcomp _ _ 23 ossified ossify VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 petrified petrify VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 or or CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 30 either either ADV RB PronType=Ind 34 advmod _ _ 31 because because SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 34 bony bony ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 parataxis _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 limb limb NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 or or CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 because because SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 40 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 produces produce VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 parataxis _ _ 42 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 43 effect effect NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 compound _ _ 44 akin akin NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 45 to to ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 freezing freezing NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 47 or or CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 petrifaction petrifaction NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | by some mythologists | tree rules | | 2 | **derive** | past | spirit's name | a bone | | kost | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from kost=Material | | 3 | **come** | present | | a verb | | | | whence *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location verb=Theme | | 4 | **signify** | gerund | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **become** | to-infinitive | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **ossify** | participle | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **petrify** | participle | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **freeze** | participle | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 9 | **is** | present | name | | | | | of limb; bony, either *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **produce** | present | name | a effect akin | | | | to freezing or petrifaction | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent akin=Result | | 11 | **name** | | spirit | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 101](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/21/101/) - next →: [sentence 103](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/21/103/) - ↑ back to [Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/21/)