---
title: There, fastened with twelve chains, stood a heroic steed which evide… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: There, fastened with twelve chains, stood a heroic steed which evidently heard the approaching steps of a rider worthy to mount it, and so began to neigh and to struggle, until it broke all twelve of its chains. Who acts: heroic steed, steed. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection o
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6, sentence 21

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There, fastened with twelve chains, stood a heroic steed which evidently heard the approaching steps of a rider worthy to mount it, and so began to neigh and to struggle, until it broke all twelve of its chains.

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**Who acts:** heroic steed, steed · **What happens:** fasten, stand, hear, approach, mount, begin · **To what, where:** heroic steed, steed, twelve, rider

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heroic steed, steed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:24:21
# text = There, fastened with twelve chains, stood a heroic steed which evidently heard the approaching steps of a rider worthy to mount it, and so began to neigh and to struggle, until it broke all twelve of its chains.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	heroic	heroic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	steed	steed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
13	evidently	evidently	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rider	rider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	worthy	worthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	mount	mount	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	neigh	neigh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	struggle	struggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	ccomp	_	_
38	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	39	det	_	_
39	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	obj	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fasten** | participle |  |  |  | there |  | with twelve chains | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent with chain=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **stand** | past |  | a heroic steed |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer steed=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hear** | past |  | a heroic steed |  |  |  | evidently *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **approach** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **mount** | to-infinitive | a heroic steed *not said here* | steed |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 6 | **begin** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 7 | **neigh** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **struggle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **break** | past | steed | all twelve of steed's chains |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer twelve=Patient |
| 10 | **step** |  |  | a rider |  |  |  |  | nom step «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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