---
title: There is a Russian word _lub_, diminutive _lubok_, meaning the soft… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: There is a Russian word _lub_, diminutive _lubok_, meaning the soft bark of the lime tree, which at one time was used instead of paper. Who acts: Russian word. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», To Him So Deeply Indebted., with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, To Him So Deeply Indebted., sentence 9

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There is a Russian word \_lub\_, diminutive \_lubok\_, meaning the soft bark of the lime tree, which at one time was used instead of paper.

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**Who acts:** Russian word · **What happens:** be, mean, use · **To what, where:** soft bark

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», To Him So Deeply Indebted.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russian word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:3:9
# text = There is a Russian word _lub_, diminutive _lubok_, meaning the soft bark of the lime tree, which at one time was used instead of paper.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	lub	lub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	diminutive	diminutive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	lubok	lubok	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	lime	lime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	obj	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
30	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	32	case	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	fixed	_	_
32	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | a Russian word and diminutive |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a Russian word and diminutive *not said here* | the soft bark of the lime tree |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Topic |
| 3 | **use** | past · passive |  | the soft bark of the lime tree |  |  | time | instead paper | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: which=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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