---
title: Then the witch looked up and saw Ivashko, and immediately rushed at… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the witch looked up and saw Ivashko, and immediately rushed at the oak on which Ivashko was seated, and began to gnaw away at it. Who acts: witch. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 13, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 13, sentence 165

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Then the witch looked up and saw Ivashko, and immediately rushed at the oak on which Ivashko was seated, and began to gnaw away at it.

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**Who acts:** witch · **What happens:** look up, see, rush, seat, begin, gnaw away · **To what, where:** Ivashko, oak

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:31:165
# text = Then the witch looked up and saw Ivashko, and immediately rushed at the oak on which Ivashko was seated, and began to gnaw away at it.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	Ivashko	Ivashko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	rushed	rush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obl	_	_
18	Ivashko	Ivashko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	gnaw	gnaw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look up** | past | the witch |  |  |  | then |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **see** | past | the witch *not said here* | Ivashko |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ivashko=Stimulus |
| 3 | **rush** | participle | the witch *not said here* |  |  | the oak |  | immediately *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at oak=Trajectory |
| 4 | **seat** | past · passive |  | Ivashko |  | the oak |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value |
| 5 | **begin** | past | the witch *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **gnaw away** | to-infinitive | the witch *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at oak; away *property* | vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at it=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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