--- title: The oak that the witch had gnawed through fell down to the ground; b… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics description: The oak that the witch had gnawed through fell down to the ground; but then she saw that Ivashko was sitting up in another tree, so she gnashed her teeth with spite and set to work afresh, to gnaw that tree also. Who acts: oak, witch, Ivashko. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/32/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collecti…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/) / [Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/32/) / 4 # Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 14, sentence 4 The oak that the witch had gnawed through fell down to the ground; but then she saw that Ivashko was sitting up in another tree, so she gnashed her teeth with spite and set to work afresh, to gnaw that tree also. **Who acts:** oak, witch, Ivashko · **What happens:** gnaw, fall down, see, sit up, gnash, set · **To what, where:** witch, tree, teeth This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oak, witch, Ivashko), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg22373:32:4 # text = The oak that the witch had gnawed through fell down to the ground; but then she saw that Ivashko was sitting up in another tree, so she gnashed her teeth with spite and set to work afresh, to gnaw that tree also. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 oak oak NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 3 that that SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 witch witch NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 6 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 gnawed gnaw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 8 through through ADP IN _ 7 obl _ _ 9 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 down down ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 15 but but CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 18 advmod _ _ 17 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 Ivashko Ivashko PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 21 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 sitting sit VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 xcomp _ _ 23 up up ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 26 det _ _ 26 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 29 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 gnashed gnash VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 31 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 33 with with ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 spite spite NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 set set VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 conj _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 38 mark _ _ 38 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 xcomp _ _ 39 afresh afresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 42 gnaw gnaw VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 conj _ _ 43 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 44 det _ _ 44 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obj _ _ 45 also also ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **gnaw** | past · perfect · passive | the oak *not said here* | the witch | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **fall down** | past | the oak | | | | | to the ground; down *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to ground=Theme | | 3 | **see** | past | witch | | | | then | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **sit up** | past · progressive | Ivashko | | | another tree | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in tree=Location | | 5 | **gnash** | past | witch | witch's teeth | | | | with spite | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | | 6 | **set** | infinitive | witch *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **work** | to-infinitive | witch *not said here* | | | | | afresh *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **gnaw** | to-infinitive | witch *not said here* | that tree | | | | | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/32/3/) - next →: [sentence 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/32/5/) - ↑ back to [Chapter II. MYTHOLOGICAL, part 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/32/)