---
title: "Stop, herdsman!" says Katoma; "where are you driving these cows?" — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Stop, herdsman!" says Katoma; "where are you driving these cows?" Who acts: Katoma, you. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Magic and Witchcraft., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Magic and Witchcraft., part 3, sentence 91

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"Stop, herdsman!" says Katoma; "where are you driving these cows?"

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**Who acts:** Katoma, you · **What happens:** stop, say, be · **To what, where:** herdsman · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Magic and Witchcraft., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Katoma, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:44:91
# text = "Stop, herdsman!" says Katoma; "where are you driving these cows?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Katoma	Katoma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	14	advmod	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	driving	drive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	ccomp	_	_
15	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | herdsman |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality herdsman=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | present | Katoma |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | drive *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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