---
title: "Brothers!" said Vanyusha,[333] "our father is dead; which of us is… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: "Brothers!" said Vanyusha,[333] "our father is dead; which of us is to read prayers over his grave?" Who acts: Brothers, Vanyusha. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Magic and Witchcraft., part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Magic and Witchcraft., part 4, sentence 36

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"Brothers!" said Vanyusha,\[333\] "our father is dead; which of us is to read prayers over his grave?"

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**Who acts:** Brothers, Vanyusha · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** grave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Magic and Witchcraft., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brothers, Vanyusha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:45:36
# text = "Brothers!" said Vanyusha,[333] "our father is dead; which of us is to read prayers over his grave?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Vanyusha	Vanyusha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	333	333	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
23	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	over	over	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Brothers |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Vanyusha |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  | father's grave |  | read *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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