---
title: The stories of this class are very numerous, all of them based on th… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: The stories of this class are very numerous, all of them based on the same belief--that in certain cases the dead, in a material shape, leave their graves in order to destroy and prey upon the living. Who acts: stories, that. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 4, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stories of this class are very numerous, all of them based on the same belief--that in certain cases the dead, in a material shape, leave their graves in order to destroy and prey upon the living.

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**Who acts:** stories, that · **What happens:** be, base, leave, destroy · **To what, where:** graves, certain cases

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stories, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:54:71
# text = The stories of this class are very numerous, all of them based on the same belief--that in certain cases the dead, in a material shape, leave their graves in order to destroy and prey upon the living.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	case	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
31	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	parataxis	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	graves	grave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	37	mark	_	_
35	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	fixed	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	advcl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
40	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the stories of this class |  |  |  |  | numerous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **base** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **leave** | infinitive | that | stories's graves |  | certain cases and a material shape |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent grave=Theme in case=Location |
| 4 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the living | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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