---
title: The belief in vampires is the specific Slavonian form of the univers… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: The belief in vampires is the specific Slavonian form of the universal belief in spectres (_Gespenster_)," says Hertz, and certainly vampirism has always made those lands peculiarly its own which are or have been tenanted or greatly influenced by Slavonians. Who acts: belief, Hertz. A sentence of «R
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Ghost Stories., part 4, sentence 77

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The belief in vampires is the specific Slavonian form of the universal belief in spectres (\_Gespenster\_)," says Hertz, and certainly vampirism has always made those lands peculiarly its own which are or have been tenanted or greatly influenced by Slavonians.

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**Who acts:** belief, Hertz · **What happens:** be, say, make, tenant, influence · **To what, where:** specific Slavonian form, vampirism, lands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Ghost Stories., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (belief, Hertz), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:54:77
# text = The belief in vampires is the specific Slavonian form of the universal belief in spectres (_Gespenster_)," says Hertz, and certainly vampirism has always made those lands peculiarly its own which are or have been tenanted or greatly influenced by Slavonians.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	vampires	vampire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	specific	specific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Slavonian	Slavonian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	universal	universal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	spectres	spectre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	_	_	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	Gespenster	Gespenster	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
23	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
24	Hertz	Hertz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	vampirism	vampirism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	31	advmod	_	_
31	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	ccomp	_	_
32	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	33	det	_	_
33	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	peculiarly	peculiarly	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
35	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
37	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	obj	_	_
38	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux:pass	_	_
39	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
40	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	tenanted	tenant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	_
43	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
44	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	influenced	influence	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	42	conj	_	_
46	by	by	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	Slavonians	Slavonian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	45	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the belief in vampires | the specific Slavonian form |  |  |  | of the universal belief in spectres | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Hertz |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | vampirism |  |  |  | always *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary land=Product |
| 4 | **tenant** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | that lands |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **influence** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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