--- title: The Bulgarians say that forked lightning is the lance of Ilya who is… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics description: The Bulgarians say that forked lightning is the lance of Ilya who is chasing the Lamia fiend: summer lightning is due to the sheen of that lance, or to the fire issuing from the nostrils of his celestial steeds. Who acts: Bulgarians, that, lightning, lance. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/63/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collecti…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/) / [Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/) / 63 # Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2, sentence 63 The Bulgarians say that forked lightning is the lance of Ilya who is chasing the Lamia fiend: summer lightning is due to the sheen of that lance, or to the fire issuing from the nostrils of his celestial steeds. **Who acts:** Bulgarians, that, lightning, lance, summer lightning, fire · **What happens:** say, fork, be, chase, issue · **To what, where:** lance, Lamia fiend, nostrils · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bulgarians, that, lightning, lance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg22373:57:63 # text = The Bulgarians say that forked lightning is the lance of Ilya who is chasing the Lamia fiend: summer lightning is due to the sheen of that lance, or to the fire issuing from the nostrils of his celestial steeds. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Bulgarians Bulgarian PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 forked fork VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 6 lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 lance lance NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 ccomp _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Ilya Ilya PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 12 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 chasing chase VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 acl:relcl _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 Lamia lamia NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 17 fiend fiend NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 : : PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 19 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 22 due due ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 25 case _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 22 fixed _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 sheen sheen NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 28 det _ _ 28 lance lance NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 or or CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 parataxis _ _ 34 issuing issue VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 33 acl _ _ 35 from from ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 40 celestial celestial NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 compound _ _ 41 steeds steed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Bulgarians | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **fork** | past | that | | | | | | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | present | lightning | the lance | | | | of Ilya | tree rules | | 4 | **chase** | present · progressive | the lance | the Lamia fiend | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fiend=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | summer lightning | | | | | due the sheen; of that lance | tree rules | | 6 | **issue** | gerund | the fire *not said here* | | | the nostrils of Ilya's celestial steeds | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/62/) - next →: [sentence 64](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/64/) - ↑ back to [Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg22373/57/)