---
title: Only the lake was guarded by a terrible monster, which daily devoure… — Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Musc… · tree and pragmatics
description: Only the lake was guarded by a terrible monster, which daily devoured a maiden, whom the inhabitants of Troyan were obliged to give to it in return for leave to make use of the lake. Who acts: terrible monster. A sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter 
---

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# Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore, Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3, sentence 81

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Only the lake was guarded by a terrible monster, which daily devoured a maiden, whom the inhabitants of Troyan were obliged to give to it in return for leave to make use of the lake.

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**Who acts:** terrible monster · **What happens:** guard, devour, oblige, give, make, use · **To what, where:** lake, inhabitants, return, use

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This is a sentence of «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Chapter VI. LEGENDS, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (terrible monster), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg22373:58:81
# text = Only the lake was guarded by a terrible monster, which daily devoured a maiden, whom the inhabitants of Troyan were obliged to give to it in return for leave to make use of the lake.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	guarded	guard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	daily	daily	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	devoured	devour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	flat:foreign	_	_
15	maiden	maiden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	obl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Troyan	Troyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	advcl	_	_
34	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **guard** | past · passive | a terrible monster | the lake |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **devour** | past | a terrible monster |  |  |  |  | daily *property* | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | the inhabitants of Troyan |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 4 | **give** | to-infinitive |  |  | lake | return for leave |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to it=Recipient |
| 5 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | use of the lake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset use=Product |
| 6 | **use** |  |  | the lake |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Russian Fairy Tales: A Choice Collection of Muscovite Folk-lore», Project Gutenberg book 22373 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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