---
title: He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy t… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy tail crossed the threshold and whined: “Good luck go with you, O Chief of the Wolves. Who acts: Augrh, little shadow, Good luck. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1, with its dependency tree an
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 1, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy tail crossed the threshold and whined: “Good luck go with you, O Chief of the Wolves.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Augrh, little shadow, Good luck · **What happens:** go, spring down, cross, whine · **To what, where:** hill, threshold, O Chief · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Augrh, little shadow, Good luck), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:1:15
# text = He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy tail crossed the threshold and whined: “Good luck go with you, O Chief of the Wolves.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	spring	spring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	bushy	bushy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	threshold	threshold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	whined	whine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
22	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	luck	luck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	O	O	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past · progressive | Augrh |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **spring down** | to-infinitive | Augrh *not said here* | hill |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location hill=Theme |
| 3 | **cross** | past | a little shadow with a bushy tail | the threshold |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent threshold=Patient |
| 4 | **whine** | past | a little shadow with a bushy tail *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive | Good luck | O Chief of the Wolves |  |  |  | with you | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with you=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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