---
title: He scuttled to the back of the cave, where he found the bone of a bu… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: He scuttled to the back of the cave, where he found the bone of a buck with some meat on it, and sat cracking the end merrily. Who acts: Tabaqui. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 1, sentence 24

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He scuttled to the back of the cave, where he found the bone of a buck with some meat on it, and sat cracking the end merrily.

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**Who acts:** Tabaqui · **What happens:** scuttle, find, sit, crack · **To what, where:** back, bone, end

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tabaqui), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:1:24
# text = He scuttled to the back of the cave, where he found the bone of a buck with some meat on it, and sat cracking the end merrily.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	scuttled	scuttle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	buck	buck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	det	_	_
20	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
26	cracking	crack	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	xcomp	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	merrily	merrily	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scuttle** | past | Tabaqui |  |  | the back of the cave |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to back=Destination |
| 2 | **find** | past | Tabaqui | the bone of a buck with some meat on bone |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Topic |
| 3 | **sit** | past | Tabaqui *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **crack** | gerund | Tabaqui *not said here* | the end |  |  |  | merrily *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location end=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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