---
title: But he was not always alone, because, years afterward, he became a m… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But he was not always alone, because, years afterward, he became a man and married. Who acts: Mowgli. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 10, sentence 22

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But he was not always alone, because, years afterward, he became a man and married.

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**Who acts:** Mowgli · **What happens:** not be, become, marry · **To what, where:** man

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mowgli), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:10:22
# text = But he was not always alone, because, years afterward, he became a man and married.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	married	marry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | Mowgli |  |  |  |  | alone, always *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | past | Mowgli | a man |  |  | year |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **marry** | past | Mowgli *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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