---
title: Kotick was the only one who asked questions, and none of his compani… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Kotick was the only one who asked questions, and none of his companions could tell him anything, except that the men always drove seals in that way for six weeks or two months of every year. Who acts: Kotick, only one, none, men. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, p
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 11, sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kotick was the only one who asked questions, and none of his companions could tell him anything, except that the men always drove seals in that way for six weeks or two months of every year.

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**Who acts:** Kotick, only one, none, men · **What happens:** be, ask, tell, drive · **To what, where:** only one, questions, anything, Kotick, seals, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kotick, only one, none, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:11:66
# text = Kotick was the only one who asked questions, and none of his companions could tell him anything, except that the men always drove seals in that way for six weeks or two months of every year.
1	Kotick	Kotick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	16	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	iobj	_	_
18	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	except	except	ADP	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
24	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	25	advmod	_	_
25	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
26	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	29	det	_	_
29	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
32	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nummod	_	_
35	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	38	det	_	_
38	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Kotick | the only one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the only one | questions |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent question=Recipient |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | could | none | anything | Kotick |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient anything=Topic |
| 4 | **drive** | past | the men | seals |  | that way | week | always *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent seal=Theme in way=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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