--- title: If you read the old books of natural history, you will find they say… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: If you read the old books of natural history, you will find they say that when the mongoose fights the snake and happens to get bitten, he runs off and eats some herb that cures him. Who acts: you, books, mongoose, snake. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 13, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/139/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/) / 139 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 13, sentence 139 If you read the old books of natural history, you will find they say that when the mongoose fights the snake and happens to get bitten, he runs off and eats some herb that cures him. **Who acts:** you, books, mongoose, snake, herb · **What happens:** read, find, say, fight, happen, get · **To what, where:** old books, snake, herb · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, books, mongoose, snake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:13:139 # text = If you read the old books of natural history, you will find they say that when the mongoose fights the snake and happens to get bitten, he runs off and eats some herb that cures him. 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 read read VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 advcl _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 books book NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 history history NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 11 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 14 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 16 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 obl _ _ 17 when when SCONJ WRB _ 20 mark _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 mongoose mongoose NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 fights fight VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 snake snake NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 happens happen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 27 bitten bite VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 runs run VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ _ 31 off off ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 eats eat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 34 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 35 det _ _ 35 herb herb NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 37 cures cure VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 acl:relcl _ _ 38 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **read** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | the old books of natural history | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic | | 2 | **find** | future | you | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | books *= book* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **fight** | present | the mongoose | the snake | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snake=Co-Agent | | 5 | **happen** | present | the mongoose *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **get** | to-infinitive | the mongoose *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 7 | **bite** | participle | the mongoose *not said here* | | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **run off** | present | snake | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **eat** | present | snake *not said here* | some herb | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herb=Patient | | 10 | **cure** | present | some herb | snake | | | | | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer he=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 138](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/138/) - next →: [sentence 140](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/140/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/)