---
title: Where roaring on the ledges the summer ground-swell rolled; I heard… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Where roaring on the ledges the summer ground-swell rolled; I heard them lift the chorus that drowned the breakers’ song— The Beaches of Lukannon—two million voices strong. Who acts: I, ledges, chorus, breakers. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 13, with its d
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/24/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/) / 24

# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 13, sentence 24

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where roaring on the ledges the summer ground-swell rolled; I heard them lift the chorus that drowned the breakers’ song— The Beaches of Lukannon—two million voices strong.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, ledges, chorus, breakers · **What happens:** roar, roll, hear, lift, drown, sing · **To what, where:** ledges, summer ground swell, chorus, song

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, ledges, chorus, breakers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:13:24
# text = Where roaring on the ledges the summer ground-swell rolled; I heard them lift the chorus that drowned the breakers’ song— The Beaches of Lukannon—two million voices strong.
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	2	advmod	_	_
2	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ledges	ledge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	swell	swell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chorus	chorus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	drowned	drown	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	breakers	breaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
26	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Beaches	beach	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Lukannon	Lukannon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	compound	_	_
32	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	33	nummod	_	_
33	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
34	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roar** | gerund |  |  |  | the ledges  the summer ground swell |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ledge=Location |
| 2 | **roll** | participle |  | the summer ground swell *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hear** | past | I | ledges *= ledge* |  |  |  | the Beaches of Lukannon and million voices *obl* | tree rules |
| 4 | **lift** | infinitive | ledges *= ledge* *not said here* | the chorus |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chorus=Theme |
| 5 | **drown** | past | the chorus | the breakers's song |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Patient |
| 6 | **sing** |  | the breakers |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/23/)
- next →: [sentence 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/25/)
- ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/13/)