--- title: His mother Radha Pyari,--Radha the darling,--who had been caught in… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: His mother Radha Pyari,--Radha the darling,--who had been caught in the same drive with Kala Nag, told him, before his little milk tusks had dropped out, that elephants who were afraid always got hurt. Who acts: mother, elephants. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/124/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/) / 124 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 124 His mother Radha Pyari,--Radha the darling,--who had been caught in the same drive with Kala Nag, told him, before his little milk tusks had dropped out, that elephants who were afraid always got hurt. **Who acts:** mother, elephants · **What happens:** catch, tell, drop out, be, hurt · **To what, where:** mother, same drive, Kala, little milk tusks, elephants · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:15:124 # text = His mother Radha Pyari,--Radha the darling,--who had been caught in the same drive with Kala Nag, told him, before his little milk tusks had dropped out, that elephants who were afraid always got hurt. 1 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 3 Radha Radha PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 4 Pyari Pyari PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 -- -- PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 Radha Radha PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 darling darling NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 -- -- PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 14 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 drive drive NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 Kala Kala PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 Nag Nag PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 24 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 25 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 27 before before SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 29 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 30 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 tusks tusk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 32 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 dropped drop VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 parataxis _ _ 34 out out ADP RP _ 33 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 36 that that SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 37 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj:pass _ _ 38 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 41 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 40 advmod _ _ 42 got get AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 43 aux:pass _ _ 43 hurt hurt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **catch** | past · perfect · passive | | Kala's mother | | the same drive with Kala | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Kala's mother | | Kala | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | | 3 | **drop out** | past · perfect · passive | | Kala's little milk tusks | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **is** | past | elephants | | | | | afraid, always *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **hurt** | past · passive | | elephants | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 123](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/123/) - next →: [sentence 125](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/125/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/)