---
title: “He is afraid of me also,” said Little Toomai, standing up to his fu… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: “He is afraid of me also,” said Little Toomai, standing up to his full height of four feet, with only one rag upon him. Who acts: grandson, Little Toomai. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/139/)

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 15, sentence 139

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“He is afraid of me also,” said Little Toomai, standing up to his full height of four feet, with only one rag upon him.

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**Who acts:** grandson, Little Toomai · **What happens:** be, say, stand up · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandson, Little Toomai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:15:139
# text = “He is afraid of me also,” said Little Toomai, standing up to his full height of four feet, with only one rag upon him.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
15	up	up	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	only	only	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	rag	rag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
28	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | grandson |  |  |  |  | of Little Toomai *= toomai*; afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Little Toomai |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stand up** | gerund | Little Toomai *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to grandson's full height of four feet; with one rag upon grandson | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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