--- title: “Yes,” said Little Toomai, “he is afraid of me,” and he took long st… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: “Yes,” said Little Toomai, “he is afraid of me,” and he took long strides up to Kala Nag, called him a fat old pig, and made him lift up his feet one after the other. Who acts: Little, he, Kala. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 16, with its dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/) / 1 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 16, sentence 1 “Yes,” said Little Toomai, “he is afraid of me,” and he took long strides up to Kala Nag, called him a fat old pig, and made him lift up his feet one after the other. **Who acts:** Little, he, Kala · **What happens:** say, be, take, stride up, call, make · **To what, where:** Kala, feet · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little, he, Kala), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:16:1 # text = “Yes,” said Little Toomai, “he is afraid of me,” and he took long strides up to Kala Nag, called him a fat old pig, and made him lift up his feet one after the other. 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 5 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ” " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 Little Little ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 5 nsubj _ _ 7 Toomai Toomai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 “ " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 advcl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 ” " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 20 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 strides stride VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 parataxis _ _ 22 up up ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Kala Kala PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 Nag Nag PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 30 fat fat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 31 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 pig pig NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 36 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 lift lift VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 xcomp _ _ 38 up up ADP RP _ 37 compound:prt _ _ 39 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obj _ _ 41 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 37 obl:unmarked _ _ 42 after after ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Little | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | he | | | | | of Little; afraid *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **take** | past | he | | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **stride up** | present | | | Kala | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to kala=Destination | | 5 | **call** | past | he *not said here* | | Kala | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | | 6 | **make** | past | Little *not said here* | Kala | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **lift up** | infinitive | Kala *not said here* | Kala's feet | | | | one after the other *obl:unmarked* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [The Jungle Book, part 15, 141](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/15/141/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/2/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/)