--- title: The catchers, and hunters, and beaters, the men of the regular Kedda… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: The catchers, and hunters, and beaters, the men of the regular Keddah, who stayed in the jungle year in and year out, sat on the backs of the elephants that belonged to Petersen Sahib’s permanent force, or leaned against the trees with their guns across their arms, and made fun of the drivers who we --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/75/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/) / 75 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 16, sentence 75 The catchers, and hunters, and beaters, the men of the regular Keddah, who stayed in the jungle year in and year out, sat on the backs of the elephants that belonged to Petersen Sahib’s permanent force, or leaned against the trees with their guns across their arms, and made fun of the drivers who were going away, and laughed when the newly caught elephants broke the line and ran about. **Who acts:** catchers, elephants, drivers, caught elephants · **What happens:** stay, sit, belong, lean, make, go away · **To what, where:** backs, trees, fun, line This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (catchers, elephants, drivers, caught elephants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:16:75 # text = The catchers, and hunters, and beaters, the men of the regular Keddah, who stayed in the jungle year in and year out, sat on the backs of the elephants that belonged to Petersen Sahib’s permanent force, or leaned against the trees with their guns across their arms, and made fun of the drivers who were going away, and laughed when the newly caught elephants broke the line and ran about. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 catchers catcher NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 hunters hunter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 beaters beater NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 regular regular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 Keddah Keddah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 stayed stay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 jungle jungle NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 23 in in ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 conj _ _ 26 out out ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 29 on on ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 backs back NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 35 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 36 nsubj _ _ 36 belonged belong VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 38 Petersen Petersen PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 Sahib Sahib PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 40 ’s 's PART POS _ 39 case _ _ 41 permanent permanent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 or or CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 leaned lean VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 conj _ _ 46 against against ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 obl _ _ 49 with with ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 51 nmod:poss _ _ 51 guns gun NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nmod _ _ 52 across across ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 55 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 57 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 parataxis _ _ 58 fun fun NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obj _ _ 59 of of ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 drivers driver NOUN NNS Number=Plur 58 nmod _ _ 62 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 64 nsubj _ _ 63 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 64 aux _ _ 64 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 61 acl:relcl _ _ 65 away away ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 66 , , PUNCT , _ 68 punct _ _ 67 and and CCONJ CC _ 68 cc _ _ 68 laughed laugh VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 57 conj _ _ 69 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 74 advmod _ _ 70 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 73 det _ _ 71 newly newly ADV RB _ 72 advmod _ _ 72 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 73 amod _ _ 73 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 74 nsubj _ _ 74 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 68 advcl _ _ 75 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 76 det _ _ 76 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 74 obj _ _ 77 and and CCONJ CC _ 78 cc _ _ 78 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 68 conj _ _ 79 about about ADV RB _ 78 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 80 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stay** | past | the catchers and hunters and beaters and the men of the regular Keddah | | | | year | out *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **sit** | past | the catchers and hunters and beaters and the men of the regular Keddah *not said here* | | | the backs of the elephants | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on back=Location | | 3 | **belong** | past | the elephants | | | | | to Petersen Sahib's permanent force | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **lean** | participle | the catchers and hunters and beaters and the men of the regular Keddah *not said here* | | | the trees with men's guns across men's arms | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against tree=Location | | 5 | **make** | past | | fun of the drivers | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fun=Product | | 6 | **go away** | past · progressive | the drivers | | | | | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **laugh** | past | | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **catch** | participle | | | | | | newly *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **break** | past | the caught elephants | the line | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer line=Patient | | 10 | **run about** | past | | | | | | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 74](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/74/) - next →: [sentence 76](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/76/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/16/)