--- title: A big brown fruit-eating bat brushed past his ear; a porcupine’s qui… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics description: A big brown fruit-eating bat brushed past his ear; a porcupine’s quills rattled in the thicket; and in the darkness between the tree stems he heard a hog-bear digging hard in the moist warm earth, and snuffing as it digged. Who acts: big brown eating bat, bat, hog bear, bear. A sentence of «The Jung --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/37/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Jungle Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/) / [The Jungle Book, part 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/) / 37 # The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 37 A big brown fruit-eating bat brushed past his ear; a porcupine’s quills rattled in the thicket; and in the darkness between the tree stems he heard a hog-bear digging hard in the moist warm earth, and snuffing as it digged. **Who acts:** big brown eating bat, bat, hog bear, bear · **What happens:** eat, brush, rattle, hear, dig, snuff · **To what, where:** quills, ear, thicket, hog bear, darkness, moist warm earth This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big brown eating bat, bat, hog bear, bear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg236:17:37 # text = A big brown fruit-eating bat brushed past his ear; a porcupine’s quills rattled in the thicket; and in the darkness between the tree stems he heard a hog-bear digging hard in the moist warm earth, and snuffing as it digged. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 2 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 3 brown brown ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 4 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 5 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 eating eat VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 amod _ _ 7 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 brushed brush VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 past past ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 porcupine porcupine NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ’s 's PART POS _ 14 case _ _ 16 quills quill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 17 rattled rattle VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 acl _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 thicket thicket NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 26 between between ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound _ _ 29 stems stem NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nmod _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 hog hog NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 36 digging dig VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 35 acl _ _ 37 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 36 advmod _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 40 moist moist ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 41 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 snuffing snuff VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 advcl _ _ 46 as as SCONJ IN _ 48 mark _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 48 digged digg VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | gerund | | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **brush** | past | a big brown eating bat | a porcupine's quills | | bat's ear | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme past ear=Destination | | 3 | **rattle** | participle | | a porcupine's quills *not said here* | | the thicket | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in thicket=Location | | 4 | **hear** | past | bat | a hog bear | | the darkness between the tree stems | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer bear=Stimulus | | 5 | **dig** | gerund | a hog bear *not said here* | | | the moist warm earth | | hard *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in earth=Location | | 6 | **snuff** | gerund | bat *not said here* | | | | | | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **digg** | past | bear | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/36/) - next →: [sentence 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/38/) - ↑ back to [The Jungle Book, part 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg236/17/)