---
title: Then the branches closed over his head again, and Kala Nag began to… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the branches closed over his head again, and Kala Nag began to go down into the valley--not quietly this time, but as a runaway gun goes down a steep bank--in one rush. Who acts: Kala, runaway gun. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17, with its dependency
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 38

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the branches closed over his head again, and Kala Nag began to go down into the valley--not quietly this time, but as a runaway gun goes down a steep bank--in one rush.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Kala, runaway gun · **What happens:** close, begin, go down · **To what, where:** branches, head, valley, steep bank

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kala, runaway gun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:38
# text = Then the branches closed over his head again, and Kala Nag began to go down into the valley--not quietly this time, but as a runaway gun goes down a steep bank--in one rush.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	Kala	Kala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	Nag	Nag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
13	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	down	down	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
22	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	runaway	runaway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
32	down	down	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	39	nummod	_	_
39	rush	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | participle · passive |  | the branches |  | bat's head | then; again |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **begin** | past | Kala |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **go down** | to-infinitive | Kala *not said here* |  |  | the valley | time | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **go down** | present | a runaway gun | a steep bank |  |  |  | in one rush | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient bank=Extent in rush=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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