---
title: The grass began to get squashy, and Kala Nag’s feet sucked and squel… — The Jungle Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The grass began to get squashy, and Kala Nag’s feet sucked and squelched as he put them down, and the night mist at the bottom of the valley chilled Little Toomai. Who acts: grass, night mist. A sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# The Jungle Book, The Jungle Book, part 17, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grass began to get squashy, and Kala Nag’s feet sucked and squelched as he put them down, and the night mist at the bottom of the valley chilled Little Toomai.

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**Who acts:** grass, night mist · **What happens:** begin, get, suck, squelch, put down, chill · **To what, where:** feet, saplings, Little Toomai

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This is a sentence of «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass, night mist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg236:17:42
# text = The grass began to get squashy, and Kala Nag’s feet sucked and squelched as he put them down, and the night mist at the bottom of the valley chilled Little Toomai.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	squashy	squashy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	Kala	Kala	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	Nag	Nag	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’s	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
12	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	sucked	suck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	squelched	squelch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	down	down	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	mist	mist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	chilled	chill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
33	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	Toomai	Toomai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the grass |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | the grass *not said here* |  |  |  |  | squashy *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **suck** | participle · passive |  | Kala's feet |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |
| 4 | **squelch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **put down** | past | grass | saplings *= sapling* |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Goal |
| 6 | **chill** | past | the night mist at the bottom of the valley | Little Toomai |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus toomai=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Jungle Book» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 236 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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